Palladium‐catalyzed synthesis of 6‐allylcoumarins using organotin reagents as multicoupling organometallic nucleophiles

Derivatives of 6‐iodocoumarin undergoing a direct Stille cross‐coupling reaction with organotin compounds in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(PPh₃)₄ in dimethylformamide at 80°C is described in this study. It is the first report of the palladium‐catalyzed coupling of iodocoumarins with allyltributyltin under mild conditions to form alkylcoumarin compounds in good yields. © 2014 The Authors. Applied Organometallic Chemistry published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sulphur dioxide insertion into tin―carbon bonds: solvent effects and the nature of the transition state

Data describing the insertion of sulphur dioxide into the carbon―tin bond of a range of substituted phenyltrimethyltin compounds in methanol and benzene solvents have been reconsidered. The reaction in methanol is cleanly second order, but the reaction in benzene has both a second‐order and third‐order component, the latter ascribable to an initial equilibrium formation of a SO₂ complex with the phenyl ring followed by the insertion of a second SO₂ molecule into the carbon–tin bond. Molecular orbital calculations have identified the transition states (TS) and the favoured reaction pathways for the second‐order and third‐order reaction pathways in benzene. The effects of solvents on TS and enthalpies of reaction have also been examined. New insights into the types of TS involved in electrophilic substitution reactions are revealed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Controllable Syntheses of Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks: Encapsulation of LnIII Cations for Tunable Luminescence and Small Drug Molecules for Efficient Delivery

Two porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), [Zn₃(L)(H₂O)₂] ? 3 DMF ? 7 H₂O ( MOF‐1 ) and [(CH₃)₂NH₂]₆[Ni₃(L)₂(H₂O)₆] ? 3 DMF ? 15 H₂O ( MOF‐2 ), were synthesized solvothermally (H₆L=1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexakis(3‐carboxyphenyloxymethylene)benzene). In MOF ‐ 1 , neighboring Zn^II trimers are linked by the backbones of L ligands to form a fascinating 3D six‐connected framework with the point symbol (4¹².6³) (4¹².6³). In MOF‐2 , eight L ligands bridge six Ni^II atoms to generate a rhombic‐dodecahedral [Ni₆L₈] cage. Each cage is surrounded by eight adjacent ones through sharing of carboxylate groups to yield an unusual 3D porous framework. Encapsulation of Ln^III cations for tunable luminescence and small drug molecules for efficient delivery were investigated in detail for MOF‐1 .     

Mechanistic Dichotomy in the Asymmetric Allylation of Aldehydes with Allyltrichlorosilanes Catalyzed by Chiral Pyridine N‐Oxides

Detailed kinetic and computational investigation of the enantio‐ and diastereoselective allylation of aldehydes 1 with allyltrichlorosilanes 5 , employing the pyridine N‐oxides METHOX ( 9 ) and QUINOX ( 10 ) as chiral organocatalysts, indicate that the reaction can proceed through a dissociative (cationic) or associative (neutral) mechanism: METHOX apparently favors a pentacoordinate cationic transition state, while the less sterically demanding QUINOX is likely to operate via a hexacoordinate neutral complex. In both pathways, only one molecule of the catalyst is involved in the rate‐ and selectivity‐determining step, which is supported by both experimental and computational data.     

One‐Step Synthesis of Aromatic Terminal Alkynes from Their Corresponding Ketones under Microwave Irradiation

One‐step microwave‐assisted synthesis of phenylacetylenes 2a–j from the corresponding ketones 1a–j in the presence of a new reagent, PCl₅–pyridine, is described. The reaction is carried out under a simple operational and experimental procedure, avoiding the use of the complicated and harsh multistep reaction.     

Unexpected Isolation of 4‐Isothiocyanatomethylene‐4H‐pyridine‐1‐carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester as Potential Template in Organic Synthesis

The synthesis of 4‐isothiocyanatomethyl‐pyridine 4 in 36% yield by Hasegawa and Kotani (Japanese patent 49088878, 1974) has spurred us to investigate this preparation in detail. In addition to this compound, 4‐isothiocyanatomethylene‐4H‐pyridine‐1‐carboxylic acid ethyl ester 3 can be isolated. The synthesis of both compounds 3 and 4 were optimized to 75% and 50% yield respectively. Reaction of compound 3 with methylamine gave thiourea derivatives 5, the same product obtained on reacting 4‐isothiocyanatomethyl‐pyridine 4 with methylamine. We succeed in adjusting the reaction conditions to obtain high yield either from compound 3 or isothiocyanate derivatives 4.     

4-(2-(4-咪唑)苯乙烯基)吡啶和三种芳香二羧酸的Cd(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、结构及荧光性质

以4-（2-（4-咪唑）苯乙烯基）吡啶（ISPE）为配体,分别与间苯二甲酸（1,3-H₂BDC）、4,4′-联苯二甲酸（4,4′-H₂BPDC）和4,4′-二苯乙烯二甲酸（4,4′-H₂STDC）及过渡金属盐Cd（NO₃）₂·4H₂O通过溶剂热自组装形成了3种配位聚合物晶体{[Cd₂（ISPE）₂（1,3-BDC）₂]·DMF}_n （1）、[Cd（ISPE）（4,4′-BPDC）]_n （2）和[Cd（ISPE）₂（4,4′-STDC）（H₂O）₂]_n （3）。并用单晶X射线衍射、PXRD、红外光谱、元素分析、热重等对其进行了表征。单晶解析结果表明：配位聚合物1是二维层状网格结构,配位聚合物2是一个六重穿插的类金刚烷三维网格结构,配位聚合物3是由一维网格结构通过氢键和分子间作用力堆积形成的三维网格结构。另外还研究了它们的室温固态荧光性能。     

二苄基锡水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物的合成、结构及荧光性质研究

二苄基二氯化锡和水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚Schiff碱按物质的量比1∶1反应,合成了二苄基锡水杨醛邻缩氨基苯酚Schiff碱配合物。经X-射线衍射方法测定了其晶体结构,属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,晶体学参数a=1.110 03(3)nm,b=1.719 87(5)nm,c=1.176 09(3)nm,β=100.564 0(10)°,V=2.207 23(10)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.541 g·cm-3,μ(Mo Kα)=11.81 cm-1,F(000)=1 023,R1=0.026 8,wR2=0.061 9,中心锡原子为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型。对其结构进行量子化学从头计算,探讨了配合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及部分前沿分子轨道的组成特征。研究了配合物的荧光性质。